Columnaris, Flavobacterium columnare o Chondrococus columnaris

Está enfermedad bacteriana es muy común peces de agua dulce o marino, causada por el agente Flavobacterium columnare o Chondrococus columnaris, estas bacterias suelen ser comunes en un bioma acuático pero sólo afectan al tener un pez con defensas inmunológicas bajas, en casos de acuarios mal mantenidos se vuelve muy contagiosa porque todos los peces no estarán en buen estado inmunológico.

Esta página es una del sector de 60 enfermedades, para ver todas presiona la siguiente imagen o link:

60 enfermedades de peces60 enfermedades de peces

 

Incubación, contagio y síntomas:

Penetra en el cuerpo del pez y tras 5 a 8 días se empiezan a notar síntomas.
Aparecen lesiones y hongos algodonosos en la boca y cabeza del pez, esto va acompañado con nado lento del pez y alertargo.
Puede inicialmente confundirse con hongos comunes pero esos salen sólo en lesiones y la columniaris afecta piel con heridas produciendo la lesión y se inicia en la boca. 
Problemas de natación como bamboleo y reposo en el fondo o boqueando cerca de la superficie.
También se presenta con diversas lesiones o puntos con hongos en el cuerpo y deshilachamiento de cola y Aletas.


Está bacteria se aloja en el sistema digestivo y a su vez sale al defecar el pez quedando nuevamente liberada para contagiar a otros peces por medio del agua o por contacto directo de pez a pez.


Como factores que agravan el problema podemos destacar la temperatura: 
- Bajo 15 ° se empieza a inhibir y no puede afectar bajo los 12° y por lo contrario es muy peligrosa sobre los 25°

- El agua alcalina favorece al virus y la acidez la inhibe .

Como todo problema de enfermedad la cálidad del agua, cuidados y alimentación influye muchísimo por afectar el sistema inmunológico de los peces.

 

 

Tratamientos y farmacos: 

Como afecta todo el acuario se debe tratar en el mismo lugar, optimizar calidad del agua, óptima limpieza con cambios de 10% diario con sifoneo, optimizar PH y poner plantas que reduzcan totalmente nitrogenados. Esto combinado con dieta de alimento blando acorde a la especie. 

Sulfameracina,, Oxitetraciclina, Acromicina o Cloranfenicol:

250 mg. cada 20 litros.

 

Aplicación de azul de metileno:

Diluido localizada con jeringa o hisopo con cuidado de no aplicar en ojos y agallas.

 

Salinidad:

Si la especie la soporta ( Salinidad) y ver si la especie tiene antecedentes de utilización de salinidad.

 

Terramicina Aureomycuin:

50 mg por litro de agua. cambiando el agua de tratamiento todos los días por 5 días.

 

Oxitetraciclina:

(250 mg/10 lit.) cambiando el agua de tratamiento todos los días por 5 días.

 

Aloe Vera o Sábila:

Utilizar Aloe Vera o Sabila puede ayudar mucho a curar heridas y como analgésico por lo cual desestresa y mejora el sistema inmunológico ayudando a la curación.

 


Autor: Mariano Rodríguez Resistencia Chaco Argentina
Fuentes: Datos propios, Elacuarista, Acuariobeta, Acuario Gallego y Asociación Zuliana de acuariofilia. 

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