Filtracion natural, filtros mecánicos y biológicos , comparación

Filtración natural con plantas contra filtración comercial

Un acuario puede tener diversos sistemas de filtración, la filtración natural con plantas suele no ser muy valorada sin embargo es la más importante!! Su óptima utilización y los otros sistemas trataremos en este tema.

Este tema tiene dos partes, la segunda es la siguiente :

FILTRACIÓN 2

 

La finalidad de la filtración es reducir desechos o su resultado, Amonio y Nitratos,  sea por diversos métodos utilizar…

CICLO DEL NITROGENO

 

Este tema tiene los siguinentes subtemas:

- Métodos de filtración:

- Comparación de métodos de filtración, beneficios y contras:

- Conclusión y utilización en acuarios. 

 

Métodos de filtración:

Se puede realizar de diversas formas: 

_Filtros comerciales , filtración mecánica y biológica.

 

_Sistema bacteriano Filtración biológica ( las bacterias se encuentran en toda el agua o superficie del acuario donde puedan hospedarse además del filtro ).

 

_ Carbón activo y materiales comerciales para reducir toxinas ( Amonio NH4+,, Nitritos NO2-
-o Nitratos NO3-) . Absorve todo tipo de sustancia química por lo cuál reduce alimento y población bacteriana así como nutrientes para las plantas y no dura ni un mes provocando un aumento de golpe de estás toxinas al saturarse por lo cuál se debe cambiar regularmente para evitar este grave problema. 

CARBON ACTIVO

 

_ Plantas , las plantas reducen Amonio Nitritos o Nitratos , además alimentan a peces ( hasta en carnívoros que las comen de vez en cuando o por la microfauna que se aloja en ellas) 

 

Comparación de métodos de filtración, beneficios y contras:

Los filtros lo que hacen es contener material filtrante el cúal se alojaran bacterias beneficas  y de este modo esta bacteria reducir el Amonio y Nitritos y Nitratos .
Se puede usar filtros internos como externos, en filtros externos se puede extraer la materia incluso…
Pero requieren mantenimiento , un orden determinado de sus materiales filtrantes para evitar que se tapen y limpieza de vez en cuando de ser necesario.

ORDEN DE MATERIALES FILTRANTES 

 

Por el otro lado tenemos las plantas que es el tema en el cual profundizaremos para que vean su importancia y las utilicen para llegar a un sistema de filtración mucho mejor y óptimo que el comercial...

Todas las plantas acuáticas consumen Amonio, Nitritos o Nitratos pero prefieren el Amonio .
Los Nitritos o Nitratos deben tratarlos gastando energía para poder hacerlos nuevamente Amonio para utilizarlo.

Un acuario plantado ya no necesita tanto el sistema bacteriano el cual ya pasa a segundo plano respecto a reducción de toxinas..
Como el carbon activo sólo que no se satura ni puede provocar un exceso de Amonio mientras tengan luz. 
Además tomemos en cuenta algo muy importante. 
Reducen nitratos !! ( eso si la población de plantas es suficiente y la población de bacterias no es excesiva pues producirían muchos nitratos, este tema trataremos más adelante) Lo que los filtros ( salvo denitrificadores ) no lo hacen...
Además al consumir Nitratos optimizan el agua, la razón de hacer cambios de agua es para reducir Nitratos por dilusion.
POR CONSIGUIENTE UN ACUARIO CON PLANTAS TENDRÁ MEJOR CALIDAD DEL AGUA que uno que no las tenga y dependa de filtración comercial exclusivamente..

Las plantas, algas y todos los organismos vegetales o fotosinteticos, utilizan el Nitrógeno del
Amoniaco, no de los Nitratos, para producir sus proteínas. 
Si la planta cosume nitratos, estos deben ser 
transformados a amonio por  proceso llamado “reducción de Nitratos” que les provoca una pérdida de energía 

Por este motivo una filtración 
biológica excesiva, puede frenar el crecimiento de las 
plantas. 
Pues no les deja Amonio para consumir y las obliga a debilitarse alimentándose de Nitratos...

 

Desventajas de depender de filtración biológica:

 

En un acuario o estanque las plantas y bacterias están en ciertamente en constante competencia por consumir el Amonio .

Por lo cual es conveniente tener una buena población de plantas. 


1 Pues LAS BACTERIAS BENÉFICAS NO ELIMINAN EL AMONIO, sino que lo oxidan a Nitratos que tambien son tóxicos.

 

2 Además las bacterias benéficas, generan ácidos. 
Por cada ión de 
amonio (NH4+) generan, dos protones ácidos (H+) que 
son liberados en el acuario.
Debido a esto estanques o acuarios que dependen sobre todo de una filtración biológica suelen acidificarse requiriendo cambios de agua regulares para mantener el PH o utilización de con el paso del tiempo, requiriendo de reguladores comerciales del pH.

 

3 La nitrificación bacteriana además consume OXIGENO 

 

Para seguir leyendo el tema presione el siguiente icono: 

1557891329042 1

 

 
 
 

5 votos. Media 5.00 de 5.

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Fecha última actualización: 22/04/2020